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Does a DHCP server assign MAC addresses to network computers?

I have been working on basic Linux network configuration. I am aware that IP addresses, default gateways, subnetmasks etc are assigned by a DHCP server but am unsure if MAC addresses are assigned by DHCP. Where do MAC addresses come from if a system is utilising DHCP?

Stewart Bovis's user avatar

The MAC address is a unique identifier that identifies the hardware (the network card)(the first bytes identify the manufacturer and type, the rest is a serial number). DHCP allocates an IP address to a MAC address.

In other words, on all networks you PC has the same MAC address, but can be given different IP address by the DHCP servers.

The uniqueness of the MAC is sometimes used to whitelist/blacklist computers on a network, although it can be worked around since you can sometimes replace the hardware MAC by an arbitrary value.

xenoid's user avatar

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Assign an IP to a MAC Address to DHCP POOL

The idea is that I want to have a static IP for the MAC computer always assign me the IP . please help , as would the commands ?

I have a cisco 3650 switch core where I configured the DHCP and VLAN former systems administrator assigned an IP to MAC address as follows :

but I do not know how to do it for a VLAN IP 17 as mentioned always assign me a static IP .

Ron Maupin's user avatar

On a Cisco IOS DHCP server, it is pretty simple. In the DHCP pool configuration, use the address command to assign an IP address to a MAC address:

Preassigning IP Addresses and Associating Them to a Client :

Preassigning IP Addresses and Associating Them to a Client Perform this task to preassign an IP address and associate it to a client identified by a client ID or MAC address. For port-based address assignment, you must perform the task in the Automatically Generating a Subscriber Identifier for a DHCP Message Received on a Port task to associate the client ID with the subscriber ID. The subscriber ID value is based on the short name of the port to which the directly connected device is attached. Configure a normal DHCP pool by supplying any DHCP options and lease time. Preassigned addresses are automatically excluded from normal dynamic IP address assignment. Preassigned addresses cannot be used in host pools, but there can be multiple preassigned addresses per DHCP address pool. Note Only one IP address can be assigned per port. Preassigned addresses (also called reserved addresses) cannot be cleared by using the clear ip dhcp binding command. SUMMARY STEPS enable configure terminal ip dhcp pool name network network-number [ mask | / prefix-length ] address ip-address client-id string [ascii] address ip-address hardware-address mac-address [ hardware-number ] end show ip dhcp pool [ name ] show ip dhcp binding

Based on your comments:

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How to Set Up Static DHCP So Your Computer’s IP Address Doesn’t Change

Read more...

dhcp assign mac address

DHCP makes it simple to configure network access for your home network, and port forwarding makes it easy to those computers from anywhere. By configuring static DHCP on your router, you can combine the best of both worlds.

The Problem with DHCP and Port Forwarding

DHCP is great. You configure your router to automatically assign IP addresses and the computers on your network just plain work. Port forwarding is useful because you can access your router from outside of your network and be redirected to the computer you need inside of your network. The problem is that these two wonderful things rely on one premise: your internal IP addresses don’t change. If your router changes the IP that is assigned to a machine by DHCP, then you have to reconfigure Port Forwarding. Many programs try to get around this fact by offering Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) port forwarding features, but not everything does.

Newer routers often have the ability to remember which IP address was assigned to which computer, so if they disconnect and reconnect their IP doesn’t change. Often, though, a router reset will wipe this cache and start assigning IPs on a first-come, first-served basis. Tons of older routers don’t even have this ability, and immediately assign new IP addresses. With IP addresses changing, you have to reconfigure your port forwarding settings often, otherwise you may lose the ability to connect to your home computers.

You can do this on plenty of modern routers, but we’re going to use DD-WRT for this guide. We’ve touted DD-WRT’s ability many times before, and it’s not for nothing. This amazing custom router firmware has a solution to this mess: static DHCP, also known as DHCP reservation. While configuring your router for DHCP, you have the ability to enter the MAC addresses of your computers’ network cards and enter which IP address to assign them. DD-WRT will automatically take care of the rest! If you have a different router, you can try following along using your router’s own admin page–the instructions should be somewhat similar.

Finding Your MAC Address

The only real work you’ll have to do is find the MAC address of each computer’s attached networking card. If you’re using wireless then you should find the MAC of your wireless card, and if you’re wired then use the Ethernet card.

Just go down to the icon in your system tray for your connection and click it. Mine is wireless.

Right-click on your current active connection and click on Status.

Click on the “Details…” button.

Your MAC address for this device is listed as “Physical Address.”

OS X users can check under their System Settings and click on Network. If you click on the various tabs for your connection, you should find a “Physical ID,” “Ethernet ID,” or “MAC Address.” Ubuntu users can type “ifconfig” in Terminal. You’ll see various network adapters, each displaying its own hardware address. Do this for all of the computers in your network that you need port forwarding for. The others will just get their IPs assigned automatically by DHCP.

DD-WRT and Static DHCP

Now that you have a list of MAC addresses for each of your computers, open up a browser tab and head over to your router’s DD-WRT interface. Click on Setup, and under Basic Setup, make sure DHCP is turned on.

Scroll down to “Network Address Server Settings (DHCP)” and make a note of the starting IP address and the maximum number of users. The addresses you configure should fall within this range. Here, my range of IPs would be 192.168.1.100 – 192.168.1.114.

Now, click on the Services tab up top.

Under the DHCP Server section, you can see that there’s a list of “Static Leases” click on the Add button to add a new one.

Enter the MAC address of each computer, give each one a name so you know which is which, and then assign them an IP address. You won’t be able to add the same IP address to two different MAC address, so make sure each MAC has a unique IP. If your version of DD-WRT also has a space to enter the “Client Lease Time,” a safe setting would 24 hours, or 1440 minutes.

That’s it! Be sure to click on both the Save button and the Apply Settings button, and wait for the changes to take effect. The settings should automatically change when each computer’s lease expires, though you can reconnect from each computer if you want the changes to take effect immediately.

Now, whether your computer loses its connect, the router gets power cycled, or the DHCP lease expires, each computer you entered into the list will stick to its assigned IP. Furthermore, you won’t have to manually configure static IPs on each machine! Port forwarding won’t have to be a pain ever again.

Does your router support DHCP reservations? Do you have a more clever use for this system? Share your thoughts in the comments!

dhcp assign mac address

DHCP based on MAC addresses

The discussion about running out of IP addresses has sparked my interest on this.

A comment was made to use MAC address reservations in DHCP to essentially statically assign IP addresses. I didn't know that this was an option.

I currently have nearly 50 windows CE devices in my environment that I use static IP's on for management purposed.  However, I am getting ready to expand my subnet and will need to touch every device to do this.   Using mac address reservations in DHCP might be a good option in this case.   Is this a pretty standard practice?  

User: Jeremy Reed

Enter to win a

Author Carl Holzhauer

DHCP is based on MAC address.  If you create a reservation (where one device ALWAYS gets the same address) it's based on MAC.

Actually, I wasn't aware there was another way you could do DHCP

Author Jeremy Reed

Sorry,  I didnt explain it properly.   I meant using mac address reservations to ensure a device always gets a specfic address and that the address is never used by another device.

Got it.  Yes, that's pretty normal. It's easier than static addressing because you don't have to touch every device when something changes (DNS server, gateway, ect)

And, you have a built in list of who has what address; you don't have to maintain a separate text file with everything in it and hope that it's updated when something changes.

Awesome, thank you for the speedy responses :)

Author Jim Schuuz

Yes, that's a fairly normal practice.

Author CJ C

I'm not sure what kind of DHCP server you have running but for reference, here is how you can do it with dhcpd:

// Host Declaration: host foo {   hardware ethernet xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx;   fixed-address Y.Y.Y.Y; }

// Class Matching (partial and full): class "foo_bar" {    match if (substring(hardware, 1, 3) = xx:xx:xx) or       (substring(hardware, 1, 6) = xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx); } You can also setup a pool of IPs for these type of hosts. Remove fixed-address from the host declaration if you use that over class matching. Then update the appropriate DHCP pool to include the following: // class matching: allow members of "foo_bar"; // host matching: allow known-clients; You'll also want to deny unknown-clients or members of foo_bar for any other DHCP pools. 

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Technical Tip: How to control DHCP user via MAC address

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DHCP Scope assignment based on MAC address

We have a single AD forest with a single AD domain. We have 4 sites each with a Windows 2016 server running ADDS, DNS, DHCP, File & Print roles. Each site has a fast internet connection and a router/firewall which managed the site to site vpns (mesh).

All replies

I'm sorry to tell you that our forum does not have an experimental environment currently , but by searching information, MAC address filtering may not be successful on the mobile side.

You might be able to identify it by vendor ID. But the best way is to suggest you use VLAN.

For more details you can refer the following article:

https://www.reddit.com/r/sysadmin/comments/3clc2y/assigning_ip_phones_to_a_specific_scope_in_dhcp/

https://serverfault.com/questions/440870/is-it-possible-to-detect-android-and-ios-devices-based-on-dhcp-requests

Please Note: Since the web site is not hosted by Microsoft, the link may change without notice. Microsoft does not guarantee the accuracy of this information.

Hope this can help you, if you have anything unclear, please let me know.

Have a nice day!

Please remember to mark the replies as answers if they help and unmark them if they provide no help. If you have feedback for TechNet Subscriber Support, contact [email protected] .

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Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

Applies to: Windows Server 2022, Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016

You can use this topic for a brief overview of DHCP in Windows Server 2016.

In addition to this topic, the following DHCP documentation is available.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client/server protocol that automatically provides an Internet Protocol (IP) host with its IP address and other related configuration information such as the subnet mask and default gateway. RFCs 2131 and 2132 define DHCP as an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard based on Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP), a protocol with which DHCP shares many implementation details. DHCP allows hosts to obtain required TCP/IP configuration information from a DHCP server.

Windows Server 2016 includes DHCP Server, which is an optional networking server role that you can deploy on your network to lease IP addresses and other information to DHCP clients. All Windows-based client operating systems include the DHCP client as part of TCP/IP, and DHCP client is enabled by default.

Why use DHCP?

Every device on a TCP/IP-based network must have a unique unicast IP address to access the network and its resources. Without DHCP, IP addresses for new computers or computers that are moved from one subnet to another must be configured manually; IP addresses for computers that are removed from the network must be manually reclaimed.

With DHCP, this entire process is automated and managed centrally. The DHCP server maintains a pool of IP addresses and leases an address to any DHCP-enabled client when it starts up on the network. Because the IP addresses are dynamic (leased) rather than static (permanently assigned), addresses no longer in use are automatically returned to the pool for reallocation.

The network administrator establishes DHCP servers that maintain TCP/IP configuration information and provide address configuration to DHCP-enabled clients in the form of a lease offer. The DHCP server stores the configuration information in a database that includes:

Valid TCP/IP configuration parameters for all clients on the network.

Valid IP addresses, maintained in a pool for assignment to clients, as well as excluded addresses.

Reserved IP addresses associated with particular DHCP clients. This allows consistent assignment of a single IP address to a single DHCP client.

The lease duration, or the length of time for which the IP address can be used before a lease renewal is required.

A DHCP-enabled client, upon accepting a lease offer, receives:

A valid IP address for the subnet to which it is connecting.

Requested DHCP options, which are additional parameters that a DHCP server is configured to assign to clients. Some examples of DHCP options are Router (default gateway), DNS Servers, and DNS Domain Name.

Benefits of DHCP

DHCP provides the following benefits.

Reliable IP address configuration . DHCP minimizes configuration errors caused by manual IP address configuration, such as typographical errors, or address conflicts caused by the assignment of an IP address to more than one computer at the same time.

Reduced network administration . DHCP includes the following features to reduce network administration:

Centralized and automated TCP/IP configuration.

The ability to define TCP/IP configurations from a central location.

The ability to assign a full range of additional TCP/IP configuration values by means of DHCP options.

The efficient handling of IP address changes for clients that must be updated frequently, such as those for portable devices that move to different locations on a wireless network.

The forwarding of initial DHCP messages by using a DHCP relay agent, which eliminates the need for a DHCP server on every subnet.

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How can I assign an IP by MAC address in dhcpd

How do I assign an IP address specific to a mac address using dhcpd?

So far I have tried

in my dhcpd.conf. But after restarting dhcpd and the machine with the mac address in question I just get a random IP again.

crisron's user avatar

4 Answers 4

This is perfectly fine format -- I use exactly the same. Only I append a comment in the end of line (in addition). This is excerpt from working dhcpd.conf :

As @Christoph mentions, there may be global option declared (or service defaults used) which may impact a way IPs are assigned / may override it.

While migrating from dhcp3-server (v3) to isc-dhcp-server (v4) I needed to add some mandatory options and rewrite some declarations. But the structure of config file remained simple:

There I used no pool , no range declarations. There are only two subnet declarations (one followed by another).

There I got no random IPs assigned to my hosts which are declared here (tied to MACs).

Jasper's user avatar

There is no explicit mention anywhere in the dhcpd.conf man page (and I can't try it now), but I always assumed that there is only one statement allowed per line.

Sven's user avatar

I don't know your dhcpd.conf, but if you have an allow unknown-clients statement, you should add allow known-clients .

If I recall correctly, the fixed IP should not be inside the range your DHCP-Server hands out to clients.

When the host has an old address from the same DHCP-Server, the server may hand out the old lease as long as it is valid, i.e. lease time not expired.

It would help, if you could provide more of your config.

Christoph's user avatar

You have too many colons in there:

From the dhcpd.conf man page:

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macOS User Guide

dhcp assign mac address

Use DHCP or a manual IP address on Mac

An Internet Protocol (IP) address is a number that identifies each computer across the internet or a network. When you connect to the internet or an IP network, your computer needs an IP address.

Your IP address can be provided in two main ways:

Automatically: Your computer is assigned an address using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).

Manually: Your ISP or network administrator gives you an IP address, and you enter it in Network settings.

Follow these steps to enter your IP address or have it assigned automatically.

dhcp assign mac address

Open Network settings for me

Click the network connection you want to use on the right, then click Details.

Click TCP/IP.

Click the Configure IPv4 pop-up menu, then choose an option:

If your address will be assigned automatically, choose Using DHCP.

If your ISP or administrator gave you an IP address, choose Manually, then enter the address in the IP address field. If your ISP gave you additional information such as the subnet mask and router, enter those values in the labeled fields.

dhcp assign mac address

Note: Most IP addresses are IPv4 addresses, which look like a series of numbers separated by three periods, similar to this: 123.45.67.89. If you received an IP address that’s a longer series of numbers and letters, divided by seven colons (for example, fa80:0000:0000:0123:0203:93ee:ef5b:44a0), it’s a different type of IP address called IPv6. To enter an IPv6 address, click the Configure IPv6 pop-up menu, choose Manually, then enter your IPv6 address.

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How to Configure DHCP to Assign IP Addresses Only to Known MAC Addresses

Barracuda CloudGen WAN can be configured to allow only clients with known MAC addresses to use the DHCP service of the site appliance.  If a device has already received an IP address through the DHCP service, it will keep this IP address until the lease time is expired. For more information on the configuration of the lease time, see How to Enable the DHCP Service on a Site Device .

Before You Begin

Enable  Only Allow Known MAC Addresses

select_vwan821.png

edit_site821.png

Only clients that are listed in the DHCP RESERVATIONS table can use the DHCP service.

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How can I set the hardware mac address permanently?

I have a headless ARM server running 20.04.4, which for reasons I cannot understand has all it's NICs with hardware macs of all zeros, and sets the current mac randomly on every reboot.

I run a pi hole on my network and it also handles the DHCP service, and can only assign static IPs based on reported mac address. This means that my server gets a new IP address on every reboot, which is problematic when there is an issue with the pi hole.

I want my server to keep a mac address for a given interface even when reboots happen.

but that got wiped during a reboot.

I've tried using a link file with systemd-networkd, but this appears to have no effect either.

Digging around, I found these log entries in

How else can I set my mac address to the same value permanently, or on start up so it is the same value on every boot?

ThatDataGuy's user avatar

I was able to solve this as follows.

I created this file:

with contents:

where eth0/1/2/3 are the interfaces on my machine. I was then able to apply these instantly using

these settings are then persisted after reboots.

Note that there is a bug in the pihole dhcp server that doesn't remove a dynamic lease when using the UI. You can edit the file at /etc/pihole/dhcp.leases and remove the lease directly. Then use

This setup now assigns the same mac address for the interfaces, and the dhcp server does the rest.

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Configuring static dhcp ip addresses for dhcp snooping (els), configuring static dhcp ip addresses for dhcp snooping (non-els), configuring static dhcp ip addresses for dhcp snooping (mx routers), configuring static dhcp ip addresses.

This task uses Junos OS for EX Series switches with support for the Enhanced Layer 2 Software (ELS) configuration style. If your switch runs software that does not support ELS, see Configuring Static DHCP IP Addresses for DHCP snooping (non-ELS) . For ELS details, see Using the Enhanced Layer 2 Software CLI .

You can add static (fixed) IP addresses and bind them to fixed MAC addresses in the DHCP snooping database. These bindings are labeled static in the database, while those bindings that have been added through the process of DHCP snooping are labeled dynamic . Static IPv6 address assignment is also available for DHCPv6. This feature is supported on aggregated Ethernet interfaces.

Before you can perform this procedure, you must configure the VLAN. See Configuring VLANs for EX Series Switches with ELS Support (CLI Procedure) .

To configure a static IP address to MAC address (IP-MAC) binding in the DHCP snooping database, you must first create a group of access interfaces under the [edit vlans vlan-name forwarding-options dhcp-security ] hierarchy. Creating this group automatically enables DHCP snooping, which is a prerequisite for creating the DHCP snooping database. On switches that support DHCPv6, creating the group of interfaces will automatically enable both DHCP and DHCPv6 snooping. Then you can configure a specific interface within the group to have one or more static IP-MAC address bindings.

To configure a static IP-MAC address binding in the DHCP snooping database:

To configure a static IPv6-MAC address binding in the DHCPv6 snooping database:

In the following example, a device with static IP allocation is connected to the ge-0/0/1 interface, which belongs to vlan-A. To configure this device to connect to the external network:

To verify that the configuration is configured on the device:

To verify that a binding entry is created for the static client:

You can add static (fixed) IP addresses and bind them to fixed MAC addresses in the DHCP snooping database. These bindings are labeled static in the database, while those bindings that have been added through the process of DHCP snooping are labeled dynamic .

This task uses Junos OS for EX Series switches that do not support Enhanced Layer 2 Software (ELS) configuration style. If your switch runs software that does support ELS, see Configuring Static DHCP IP Addresses for DHCP snooping (ELS) . For ELS details, see Using the Enhanced Layer 2 Software CLI .

To configure a static IP-MAC address binding in the DHCPv6 snooping database:

To view results of the configuration steps before committing the configuration, type the show command at the user prompt.

To commit these changes to the active configuration, type the commit command at the user prompt.

You can add static (fixed) IP addresses and bind them to fixed MAC addresses in the DHCP snooping database. These bindings are labeled as static in the database, while those bindings that have been added through the process of DHCP snooping are labeled dynamic .

To configure a static IP address/MAC address binding in the DHCP snooping database, you must first create a group of access interfaces under [edit bridge-domains bridge-domain-name forwarding-options dhcp-security ] . Creating this group automatically enables DHCP snooping, which is a prerequisite for creating the DHCP snooping database. The following procedure shows the configuration in two steps, but it can be done in one. You can then configure a specific interface within the group to have one or more static IP-MAC address bindings.

To configure a static IP address and MAC address binding in the DHCP snooping database:

Networks Training

How to Find IP Address From MAC Address on Cisco Devices

Troubleshooting a network requires many different investigative skills, tools, and methodologies.  One procedure that is particularly useful when investigating various network problems is being able to determine the IP address of a host on the network when given only its MAC address. 

ip from mac address

In this article we’ll take a look at how to find an IP address from a MAC address on a Cisco-based network.

Table of Contents

Troubleshooting Circumstances

Initially, you may wonder, why would we want to be able to determine this?  If you have access to a host, you can simply use the ipconfig (Windows) or the ifconfig (Linux) command to find both the local IP address and the corresponding MAC address. 

However, there are situations in which you may need to find the IP address that corresponds to a particular MAC address without actually knowing which physical device that MAC address belongs to. 

The only information you may have is simply that the particular MAC address in question belongs to a device that is somewhere on your network.

To achieve this, you will need some techniques that can be used on Cisco routers and switches to zero in on that particular host, and determine what its IP address is, and that’s what we’ll be describing in this article.

Why Do You Need to Find an IP From a MAC Address?

Before we actually take a look at the techniques, let’s take a closer look at why you may be required to perform such a task.  Some of the scenarios where it would be helpful to find the IP address that corresponds to a particular MAC address include:

Methodology

There are several protocols and technologies that are involved in the process of determining the IP address that corresponds to a particular MAC address.  The two primary technologies are Address Resolution Protocol ( ARP ) and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).

Finding the MAC Address

Before going into how we find the IP address, let’s take a brief look at how we get the original MAC address in the first place. 

Of course you can do so if you have access to the device in question, such as a PC or a laptop.  However, you would typically use the “ show mac-address-table ” command on a Cisco switch. 

The output of this command shows a list of MAC addresses and the interfaces on which those MAC addresses have appeared. 

Once you find the MAC address that you’re looking for, you can then proceed to determine the corresponding IP address.

Using ARP on a Router Device

ARP maintains a construct within each network device called the ARP table.  Also known as an ARP cache, it contains the mappings of IP addresses to their corresponding MAC addresses.  During a device’s communication on the network, the APR table is populated using information received from ARP requests. 

It is possible to view the ARP table of a device such as a router or a switch by issuing the following command in the Cisco IOS CLI:

Router#show arp

This command will output the entire ARP table contained within the device at that moment.  Output may be similar to the following:

Protocol  Address          Age (min)  Hardware Addr   Type   Interface

Internet  10.1.1.1                5   0011.2233.4455   ARPA   GigabitEthernet0/1

Internet  10.1.1.2               11   000c.29c5.c290   ARPA   GigabitEthernet0/1

Internet  10.1.1.3               22   00a1.1234.5678   ARPA   GigabitEthernet0/1

Note that for each IP address there is a corresponding Hardware Address which is the MAC address.  If you have a large network, the output of such a command may be very large.  If you want to search for a specific MAC address, you can use the pipe character “|” to filter the output like so:

Router#show arp | include <MAC address>

In the above command, replace <MAC address> with the MAC address you want to look up.  For example, if you have a MAC address of 00:11:22:33:44:55 , use the following command:

Router#show arp | include 0011.2233.4455

Keep in mind that the MAC address must be in the correct format that is used by the Cisco CLI which is three groups of four hexadecimal digits separated by periods for the command to work. 

The command has many additional keywords that can be used including the particular interface on which the ARP information was received, the VRF name as well as the type of ARP entry you are looking for.

The above commands are the same for Cisco routers and switches.  You can find out more details about them at this Cisco CLI command reference .

Keep in mind that you can use this method to find the IP address that corresponds to a MAC address only under the following conditions:

If you’re using DHCP to assign IP addresses on your network, you can use the DHCP server to determine the IP address that corresponds to a particular MAC address. If your DHCP server is running on a Cisco device, here’s how you can use it to determine the IP address from a particular MAC.

Unlike ARP, DHCP actually assigns the IP addresses to particular hosts.  As such, it maintains a correspondence between the assigned IP address and the MAC address of each host.  Here’s how.

Log in to the Cisco device running the DHCP server and issue the following command:

Router#show ip dhcp binding

This command will list all of the DHCP leases that the server has assigned and includes the IP address, MAC address, and the lease expiration.  The output of such a command looks like this:

IP address       Hardware address        Lease expiration        Type

172.25.1.51       0100.0103.85e9.87        Apr 10 2022 08:55 PM    Automatic

172.25.1.52       0100.50da.2a5e.a2        Apr 10 2022 09:00 PM    Automatic

172.25.1.53       0100.0103.ea1b.ed        Apr 10 2022 08:58 PM    Automatic

Similar to the ARP commands, if you want to search for a specific MAC address, you can use the pipe character “|” to filter the output.  More about this command and its variations can be found at this Cisco CLI command reference .

Unlike the use of the ARP table, this method gives you information not only about hosts that may be connected to local network segments, but about all hosts on your network that are served by this particular DHCP server.

Note that the DHCP server only knows about devices that have requested an IP address from it, so the MAC address you’re interested in must have made a DHCP request at some point for this method to work.

Additionally, keep in mind that the lease duration determines how long an IP address is assigned to a device. After the lease expires, the IP address may be released back to the pool and assigned to another device.

If the lease has expired for the MAC address you’re interested in, it may not appear in the DHCP server’s lease list anymore, and you’ll need to use another method to determine the corresponding IP address.

How About IPv6

The above methods are geared towards finding the IPv4 address in any given situations.  To find the IPv6 address, some additional tools are necessary including DHCPv6 , SLAAC , and Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) and their related commands. Many of the principles are the same, but the tools used as well as the CLI syntax is different.

Finding the IP address that corresponds to a MAC address on a Cisco network can be an essential troubleshooting step in resolving network issues.

ARP and DHCP are crucial mechanisms that can be used to determine these IP addresses.  By understanding these methods and knowing how to use them effectively, network administrators can more quickly and efficiently troubleshoot network issues and ensure their network runs smoothly.

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About Lazaros Agapidis

Lazaros Agapidis is a Telecommunications and Networking Specialist with over twenty years of experience. He works primarily with IP networks, VoIP, Wi-Fi, and 5G, has extensive experience in training professionals for Cisco certifications, and his expertise extends into telecommunications services and infrastructure from both an enterprise and a service provider perspective. In addition to his numerous vendor certifications, Lazaros has a solid online presence as an expert in his field, having worked in both public and private sectors within North America and in Europe. He has enjoyed sharing his practical experiences in writing as well as through engaging online training. LinkedIn: Lazaros Agapides

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How To Scan Network for IP Addresses Using CMD & Top Tools for 2023

Scanning for IP address lets you have better control over your network. With 1-2 commands, you can quickly map out the devices in your network and the IP addresses that they are using. But to understand how to scan a network, first, you need to understand how are IP addresses assigned.

Follow these four simple steps to scan your network for IP addresses in use:

DHCP (Assigning IPs Dynamically)

An automated process in networking, called DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), assigns IP dynamic addresses to hosts as soon as they enter the network. In a home or small network, the DHCP server is usually a part of the router. When you come into the network, the router will look for an available IP address in its pool and assign it to you, so that your device can communicate with others without any conflict.

Dynamic allocation of IP addresses is a great advantage for both end-users and network admins. But sometimes you would need to have some control in order to manage and troubleshoot your network more efficiently.

Related post: Find device or IP with MAC

Related Post: PowerShell Kill Process Command

If you are here for free tools and trials, here is our list of the six best tools for discovering IP addresses on a network:

What will you learn in this Tutorial

In this tutorial, you will learn the basic networking skills on how to scan a network for IP addresses. We will scan a network with native OS commands, find which addresses were assigned dynamically, which statically, and test their connectivity.

In the end, we will compare some free IPAM tools aka IP address scanning tools that can give you additional information. To improve your IP addressing insights, even more, we will show you some tools that allow you to track IP addresses and even manage them.

Simple IP Scanning

Operating Systems, like Windows and Linux, come with their own native simple networking set of tools. Commands such as “ipconfig”, “arp -a”, or “ping” allow simple scanning and troubleshooting.

The simplest way to get a quick list of IP addresses and their devices connected to your network is with those OS native commands found in the command line. With a list of the assigned IP address and their devices, you can easily find the devices that are causing the most problems.

Related Post: Best IP & Port Scanners

Reading The Output

Finding your own network adapter configuration.

In the following screenshot, you’ll see the output from the ipconfig command. On a Windows, the ipconfig command can be entered through the Command line.

Go to Run > type cmd > type ipconfig

ipconfig to view Network adapters

Now you know your subnet, which in this case is 192.168.1.0/24 (using the CIDR range). Now you need to find the rest of the IP address in your network.

Scanning your Network

The job of the ARP protocol is to map IPs to MAC addresses. It provides a method for hosts on a LAN to communicate without knowing any address and create a cache of information. When a new computer enters the LAN, it receives an IP and updates its ARP cache with the Gateway information. This ARP cache can be found using the “arp-a” command.

arp -a command

Testing Connectivity

Finally, with some information, you can test connectivity. In the following test, we tried an extended ping with “ping -t” to the gateway. With this, you can learn some simple insights about delay and latency.

ping -t command

From the list generated by the ARP command, you could ping all the live hosts. Or you can go beyond and ping the entire subnet to find hosts not found by the ARP (but that would be too much manual work…). Later, we’ll discuss how to automatically ping entire subnets at once.

Enhancing IP Scanning

Although having a list of devices and their allocated IP address will give you good insights, the information will not be enough when your network scales. Manual IP scanning in multiple subnets and BYOD (Bring-Your-Own-Device) scenarios is nearly impossible.  As the network scales, problems will scale too.

Larger networks demand more results, flexibility, and easy-to-read set of commands.

An IP Address Scanner tool helps you with larger demands. These tools are able to map the entire local network, finds live hosts, and to provide the results of the “arp-a” in a clearer format. Other IP Scanners do not depend on ARP but they operate using repeated ping tests. A Ping Sweep tool lets you ping entire subnets and find live hosts just with one button.

Some other IP Scanners go the extra mile and give more information such as Port number, DNS, DHCP, etc. All of this data is also presented in the most visual and easy-to-read format. They also allow users to save all results and present them in detailed reports.

The best IP Address discovery tools

Our methodology for selecting a third-party tool to scan for ip addresses.

We reviewed the market for IP address discovery tools and analyzed options based on the following criteria:

With these selection criteria in mind, we identified a number of network scanners that will discover IP addresses and identify the devices to which they have been allocated by mapping to MAC addresses.

ping sweep

Ping Sweep from SolarWinds helps you find free IPs and identify which ones are unavailable. It is classified as a networking discovery tool from the SolarWinds Engineer’s Toolset . A comprehensive network software, that includes over 60 handy tools. Ping Sweep from SolarWinds is included in the Engineer’s Toolset and is dedicated for ping testing. For the MAC address, port scans, SNMP scans, etc, there are more dedicated tools in the Engineer’s Toolset.

Key Features:

Just as when you ping from the command line, this tool shows the DNS name for each IP and response time. It can also let you export results in different formats such as CSV, TXT, XLS, and to an HTML page.

EDITOR’S CHOICE

SolarWinds Ping Sweep is our top pick for an IP address scanning tool because it offers a quick on-demand network scan and can also be set to run recursively. The service provides a cross reference between the IP addresses in use on the network and the MAC addresses of the devices that they are assigned to. The output also checks on the hostname for each device by looking at your DMS server. The results of scans can be displayed as graphs and they can also be written to file in a variety of formats.

Download: Get a 14-day free trial

Official Site: https://www.solarwinds.com/engineers-toolset/registration/

OS: Windows Server

Paessler PRTG IP Scan

Paessler PRTG is a collection of sensors for networks, servers, and applications. You can customize the package by choosing which sensors to turn on. However, there is one sensor that is not optional because it forms the foundation of all of the PRTG monitoring systems – this is the IP scanner .

The IP scanner in PRTG creates an autodiscovery service. It is actually based on the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). Under SNMP processes, the PRTG server broadcasts a request for status reports. Device agents respond with a message that contains a database of details. The PRTG system compiles these reports into a network hardware inventory and that includes the MAC address and IP address of each device.

Once the device information of the network has been recorded, all network monitoring can begin. PRTG is available for installation on Windows Server and it is also offered as a cloud service.

Price : Free for up to 100 sensors. The paid version starts at $1,799 for 500 sensors.

Download : Offered for a 30-day free trial.

Download Free Trial!

ManageEngine OpUtils Network Monitoring Toolset

ManageEngine OpUtils combines an IP address manager, a switch port mapper for MAC address discovery, and a port scanner to identify open TCP and UDP ports on all devices. This combination delivers all address-related functions that you will need in order to fully manage your network.

The IP address manager is, in itself, a suite of utilities. This group of services includes an IP address scanner. This will discover all of the devices connected to your network and list the IP addresses allocated to them. The IPAM is able to produce IP address reconciliation reports that will enable you to update your native DHCP server in case it fails to notice expired address leases.

The IP address tracker service in the bundle can produce a hierarchical view of your network, enabling you to identify subnets and the allocation of addresses to each. DHCP management tools in the pack let you manage subnet address pools. The switch port mapper identifies each device by MAC address and switch port number. The port scanner in OpUtils lets you see which TCP and UDP ports on each device are open.

OpUtils is available for Windows Server and for Linux.

Price: OpUtils is available in a Free version, which includes a port scanner and Ping utilities. Contact the ManageEngine sales team for a quote on the paid version.

Download: The paid version of OpUtils can be downloaded as a 30-day free trial .

4. Angry IP Scanner

 angry ip scanner

Angry IP Scanner is one of the most popular scanners on the web, with over 29 million downloads. It is open-source, free, and available for Windows, MacOS, and Linux. It can let you scan your local network or the Internet-facing IP addresses.

This tool is not only capable of scanning IP addresses but also ports. When you define an IP address range, you can also specify a number of the port, and see if a device in your network is using a specific service (defined by the port). Angry IP Scanner also lets you save all the scan results into multiple formats, such as TXT, XML, CVS, etc.

When you scan, you’ll know what hosts are alive, their response time, hostname, MAC address, etc. If you want even more information, you can extend results by developing Java plugins.

Price: Open Source and 100% free.

Download: Get Angry IP from its official site.

IP Address Tracker Tools

Having a map of IP addresses, MAC addresses, used ports, etc, is great for networking inventorying and may help with some troubleshooting cases. But a list can not control and display real-time results.

An IP address Tracker is a good upgrade to our set of tools and commands described so far. It does allow scanning multiple subnets and displaying results, but it also allows you to keep track of one or more IP addresses.

An IP Address Tracker will notice when an IP address is released. This can be either because the device lost connectivity or it changed IP address. It will help you minimize IP addressing conflicts (when two devices are trying to take the same IP) and reduce DNS errors.

MyLAN Viewer

mylan viewer

MyLAN Viewer is a NetBIOS and IP address scanner for Windows systems. Just like the IP Scanners shown above, this tool will scan a network and show devices in an easy-to-read format.

But MyLANViewer goes beyond, and not only shows computer name, IP, and  MAC, but also NIC, OS version, logged users, shared folders, and much more.

This tool is able to track specific IP addresses and show notifications when their state change. With it, you can also keep track of network security by showing port information and detecting rogue DHCP servers. MyLAN Viewer tracks all devices in the subnet including hidden, and displays alerts when new devices enter the network, and others go.

This tool can also display the following metrics as well:

Price: Free, but only available for Windows systems.

Download: Get MyLAN Viewer from its official site.

Related Post: Best Wake On LAN Tools

IP Address Management (IPAM)

Basic IP Address Scanning should be enough to manage small networks. But when networks scale they depend on multiple subnets and detailed management requirements. Although SolarWinds IP Tracker is able to find IP address conflicts, it is not able to control them.

Sometimes large-scale networks have standalone DHCP and DNS Servers in order to assign addresses to multiple subnets. But IP conflicts occur and it is really challenging to manage them manually. An IP Address Management or “IPAM” is a piece of software able to actively control DHCP and DNS. It also gives you the ability to manage multiple subnets.

solarwinds ipam IP Address Scanner

Among SolarWinds powerful tools, the IP Address Manager does everything a large-scale enterprise needs to manage its addresses properly. It automates many processes to make IP Address management easier. From automated IP address tracking, quick static IP reservations, to multi-vendor DHCP and DNS support.

SolarWinds IPAM comes with an integrated IP address management, DHCP, and DNS tools to administer your entire network.

One of the most commonly used tools from this bundle is the IP Address Scanner . This tool allows you to create automated IP address scans to maintain an updated inventory of all IP address blocks in the network. This is achieved by sending regular ICMP and SNMP polls. The automatic scans use ICMP polls to gather status of the IP address and hostname information. It also uses SNMP to find information on MAC addresses and other vendor information. SolarWinds IP Address Scanner supports both IPv4 and IPv6 address management.

SolarWinds IPAM also provides detailed reports of your IP address in real-time.

Price: Download the Free Trial for 30 Days!

Download: Get a fully functional SolarWinds IPAM on a 30-day free trial.

IP address scanning FAQs

How do i find a network name from an ip address.

To get the network name of a host from an IP address you need to query the DNS server. Open a Command Prompt window and enter nslookup <IP_address> putting in the IP address you have instead of <IP_address>.

How do I identify an unknown device on my network?

To see all of the devices connected to your network, type arp -a in a Command Prompt window. This will show you the allocated IP addresses and the MAC addresses of all connected devices. To get the hostname of each IP address you see in the list, use nslookup <IP_address> putting in the IP address you have instead of <IP_address>.

How can I tell what device is at an IP address?

To get deeper information on devices connected to your network rather than just an IP address or MAC address, use a network monitor that scans for details with SNMP – the SolarWinds Network Performance Monitor is one example.

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dhcp assign mac address

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IMAGES

  1. What is DHCP? It assigns addresses dynamically

    dhcp assign mac address

  2. Wireshark Tutorial: Identifying Hosts and Users

    dhcp assign mac address

  3. Unix & Linux: Does a DHCP server assign MAC addresses to network computers? > BENISNOUS

    dhcp assign mac address

  4. How to assign a static ip to a mac-address through DHCP

    dhcp assign mac address

  5. Dhcp Client Simulator Software

    dhcp assign mac address

  6. 3. How DHCP assign IP Address to Client

    dhcp assign mac address

VIDEO

  1. Setting client up to get IP address from DHCP server

  2. DHCP Server Configuration with MAC Binding

  3. how to assign static IP address in windows 11

  4. How to Configure DHCP Server & Reserved IP Address to a DHCP Client

  5. How to configure a DHCP server with static IP to a specific client

  6. Client Don't get IP Address Assign from the DHCP Server

COMMENTS

  1. Windows Server DHCP assignment based on MAC of client

    Open the DHCP snap-in. In the console tree, double-click the applicable DHCP server, double-click IPv4, double-click Filters, and then right-click Allow or Deny. Click New Filter, and then type a MAC Address and Description. Description is an optional field. " "The MAC address can either be the full address or a MAC address pattern (wild card).

  2. Does a DHCP server assign MAC addresses to network computers?

    The MAC address is a unique identifier that identifies the hardware (the network card) (the first bytes identify the manufacturer and type, the rest is a serial number). DHCP allocates an IP address to a MAC address. In other words, on all networks you PC has the same MAC address, but can be given different IP address by the DHCP servers.

  3. Step-by-Step: Configure DHCP Using Policy-based Assignment

    Create a DHCP scope on DHCP1 Configure Client1 Install the operating system on Client1 Pin Windows PowerShell to the taskbar Configure Client2 DHCP policy based assignment demonstration Determine MAC addresses Create policies Demonstrate policies Updated: May 27, 2016 Applies To: Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2012 R2

  4. cisco

    On a Cisco IOS DHCP server, it is pretty simple. In the DHCP pool configuration, use the address command to assign an IP address to a MAC address: address <ip-address> hardware-address <mac-address> Preassigning IP Addresses and Associating Them to a Client: Preassigning IP Addresses and Associating Them to a Client

  5. How to Enable and Configure DHCP MAC Address Filtering

    DHCP MAC address filtering is a security feature that is very easy to configure in Microsoft environments. This feature can be used to provide a highly secure DHCP service that provides DHCP leases to only trusted devices. It can also be used to deny offering leases to untrusted ones.

  6. How to Set Up Static DHCP So Your Computer's IP Address Doesn't Change

    Click on Setup, and under Basic Setup, make sure DHCP is turned on. Scroll down to "Network Address Server Settings (DHCP)" and make a note of the starting IP address and the maximum number of users. The addresses you configure should fall within this range. Here, my range of IPs would be 192.168.1.100 - 192.168.1.114.

  7. DHCP based on MAC addresses

    DHCP is based on MAC address. If you create a reservation (where one device ALWAYS gets the same address) it's based on MAC. Actually, I wasn't aware there was another way you could do DHCP flag Report Was this post helpful? thumb_up thumb_down OP Jeremy6964 jalapeno Jan 24th, 2018 at 7:37 AM Sorry, I didnt explain it properly.

  8. Technical Tip: How to control DHCP user via MAC address

    Steps to create via MAC Reservation + Access Control. Go to Network -> Interface -> edit the Interface -> DHCP server -> Click on Advanced. Available actions: 1) Reserve IP: It will reserve the Particular IP for the defined MAC. Make sure to assign the IP from the DHCP range. 2) Assign IP: That MAC address will get an IP from the set DHCP range.

  9. DHCP Scope assignment based on MAC address

    At the moment each site is a flat network, no vlans involved. If possible we would like to create multiple scopes, on each DHCP server, to segregate domain workstations, voip handsets and wifi. For example, at Site 1 it would look like this: Workstation Scope = 10.1.10.1 to 10.1.10.254. VoIP Scope = 10.1.20.1 to 10.1.20.254.

  10. how to reserve a specific MAC address in the existing Cisco DHCP server

    ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.1.10 ! ip dhcp pool CLIENT_10 host 192.168.1.10 255.255.255. client-identifier 0100.3412.1b0c.19 The client-identifier option prepends a 01 (for Ethernet) to the MAC address. or ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.1.10 ip dhcp pool CLIENT_10 hardware-address 0034.121b.0c19 host 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.

  11. assign ip to mac address

    Since DHCP Role is to dynamically allocate IP address - if you looking any ACP for this device. 1. you need to allocate fixed IP address reservation on DHCP 2. reboot the device and check new IP is effective. 3. Create an object with the static IP and make the ACP rule.

  12. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

    Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client/server protocol that automatically provides an Internet Protocol (IP) host with its IP address and other related configuration information such as the subnet mask and default gateway.

  13. How can I assign an IP by MAC address in dhcpd

    11 How do I assign an IP address specific to a mac address using dhcpd? So far I have tried host blah { hardware ethernet <mac address>; fixed-address <ip address>;} in my dhcpd.conf. But after restarting dhcpd and the machine with the mac address in question I just get a random IP again. linux dhcpd Share Improve this question Follow

  14. Use DHCP or a manual IP address on Mac

    On your Mac, choose Apple menu > System Settings, then click Network in the sidebar. (You may need to scroll down.) Click the network connection you want to use on the right, then click Details. Click TCP/IP. Click the Configure IPv4 pop-up menu, then choose an option: If your address will be assigned automatically, choose Using DHCP.

  15. How to Configure DHCP to Assign IP Addresses Only to Known MAC

    Click on the arrow icon next to site you want to edit. In the site menu, go to SETTINGS > DHCP. In the DHCP RESERVATIONS section, enable Only Allow Known MAC Addresses. Click SAVE. Only clients that are listed in the DHCP RESERVATIONS table can use the DHCP service.

  16. How can I set the hardware mac address permanently?

    I run a pi hole on my network and it also handles the DHCP service, and can only assign static IPs based on reported mac address. This means that my server gets a new IP address on every reboot, which is problematic when there is an issue with the pi hole. I want my server to keep a mac address for a given interface even when reboots happen.

  17. Configuring Static DHCP IP Addresses

    To configure a static IP address and MAC address binding in the DHCP snooping database: Create a group by including an access interface: content_copy zoom_out_map. [edit bridge-domains bd-name forwarding-options dhcp-security] [email protected]# set group group-name interface interface-name. Configure a static IP address:

  18. How to Find IP Address From MAC Address on Cisco Devices

    If you're using DHCP to assign IP addresses on your network, you can use the DHCP server to determine the IP address that corresponds to a particular MAC address. If your DHCP server is running on a Cisco device, here's how you can use it to determine the IP address from a particular MAC. Unlike ARP, DHCP actually assigns the IP addresses ...

  19. How To Scan Network for IP Addresses Using CMD & Top Tools for 2023

    The output shows the IP, the MAC addresses, and their assignation type. The addresses displayed here were dynamically assigned by the DHCP server in the LAN. All of these IPs are devices connected to the LAN (192.168.1./24). The other static addresses are reserved for Multicasting. With the MAC information, you can know the vendor.